We report results of $N$-body simulations of isolated star clusters, performed up to the point
where the
clusters are nearly completely dissolved. Our main focus is on the post-collapse evolution
of these
clusters. We find that after core collapse, isolated clusters
evolve along nearly a single sequence of models whose properties are independent of the initial
density profile and particle number.
Due to the slower expansion of \mbox{high-$N$} clusters, relaxation times become almost
independent of the particle number after several core collapse times, at least for the particle
range of our study. As a result, the dissolution
times of isolated clusters exhibit a surprisingly weak dependence on $N$.
We find that most stars escape due to encounters between single stars inside the half-mass radius of the
cluster. Encounters with binaries take place mostly in the cluster core and account for roughly
15\% of all escapers.
Encounters between single stars at intermediate radii are also responsible for
the build up of a radial anisotropic velocity distribution in the halo.
For clusters undergoing core oscillations, escape due to binary stars
is efficient only when the cluster center is in a contracted phase.
Our simulations show that it takes about $10^5$ $N$-body time units until the global anisotropy
reaches its maximum
value. The anisotropy
increases with particle number and it seems conceivable that isolated star clusters become
vulnerable to
radial orbit instabilities for large enough $N$. However, no indication for the onset of such
instabilitiies was
seen in our runs.
Complete paper: pdf file (134 KBytes)