*************************************************************************** * * * ELECTRONIC NEWSLETTER FOR THE HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY * * * * Published by the Working Group for the History of Astronomy * * in the Astronomische Gesellschaft * * * * Number 10, May 8, 1995 * * * * A translation of * * * * ELEKTRONISCHE MITTEILUNGEN ZUR ASTRONOMIEGESCHICHTE * * Nr. 10, 11. April 1995 * * * * Edited by: Dr. Wolfgang R. Dick * * * * Translated by: Mr. Donald Bellunduno <76450.1741@CompuServe.COM> * * * *************************************************************************** Contents -------- 1. News from IAU Commission 41 - History of Astronomy 2. Alina Eremeeva: A New Working Group for the History of Astronomy 3. Dietmar Fuerst: 15 Years of Rebuilding the Oldest Observatory of Mecklenburg in Remplin 4. Elisabeth Crawford and Josiane Olff-Nathan: Biographical Volume on Scientists at the Universities of Strasbourg 5. SETIQuest - A New Periodical 6. Conference Calendar 1995/96 7. New Books Expressions of Thanks Imprint Addendum by the translator: Space Anniversaries (from the SPACE CALENDAR) ........................................................................... Item 1 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... News from IAU Commission 41 - History of astronomy -------------------------------------------------- 1. New President and Vice-President President Vice-President Prof S M R Ansari Dr S J Dick Physics Dpt US Naval Observatory Aligarh Muslim University 34 & Massachusetts Ave NW Aligarrh UP 202 002 Washington DC 20392 5100 India USA Phone 91 571 401 001 1 202 653 1541 Fax 1 202 653 1497 Telex 564230mu in E-mail dick@ariel.usno.navy.mil 2. Resolutions concerning history of astronomy adopted by the XXII and General Assembly of the IAU, The Hague, The Netherlands, August 15-27, 1994 Resolution No. B2 on Funding the Archival Organization of the International Astronomical Union proposed by Commission 41 The XXIInd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union Noting that the International Astronomical Union allocated funds for preparation of the "History of the IAU" by Prof. Blaauw, not all of which has been spent, Suggests to the Executive Committee that these remaining funds be used for the archival organisation and cataloguing of the early IAU files in preparation for depositing them in a suitable archive. Resolution No. B10 on the Preservation of Astronomical Relics proposed by Commission 41 The XXIInd General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union Considering the scientific, historical and practical importance of the measurement of the arc of meridian made by F.G.W. Struve, Urges the Executive Committee of the IAU to approach the governments of the following countries: Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, Poland and Moldavia, which still possess relics of that enterprise, with a view to taking all possible steps to preserve those relics, including an approach to UNESCO to declare them to be world-heritage sites. UNESCO = United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 3. Resolution adopted by Commission 41 at the XXII Assembly of the IAU Resolution C4 on Search for and Inventory of Existing Archives Commission 41 Noting that Prof. Blaauw's recent "History of the IAU" shows the great value of astronomical archives, Encourages search for and inventory for all archives related to the history of the IAU, to be undertaken by members at their home institutions and other places and reported to Commission 41. Source: IAU Information Bulletin No. 74, Jan. 1995 (URL: http://www.lsw.uni-heidelberg.de/iau/IB.html) For more information about Comm. 41 at the IAU GA 1995 see: S. Debarbat: Commission 41 at The Hague General Assembly of the IAU. In: J. Hist. Astron. 26 (1995) 1, p. 90-91 ........................................................................... Item 2 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... A New Working Group for the History of Astronomy ------------------------------------------------ By Alina Eremeeva, Moscow The Eurasian (formerly, Soviet) Astronomical Society was founded in the spring of 1990. Its Working Group for the History of Astronomy has been established during the EAAS Council Board meeting on May 31, 1994, in Moscow. Aims of the working group are: - Organizing scientific meetings, - Exchanging information about publications and activities in the field of the history of astronomy with other similar groups, - Undertaking joint projects. The working group is open for all who are interested in the history of astronomy and ready to contribute to the group programs fulfilling. The Conference "Astronomers, Astronomy and the World War II" in April 1995 at Pulkovo (cf. EMA 7) is being organized on the initiative of this working group. This conference is really the first big action of the group. Besides, we plan to organize workshops, round tables, etc. on different topics concerning history of astronomy, such as social problems in the history of astronomy, the question of the astronomical picture of the Universe and its evolution, astronomy of different ages and peoples, etc. We are highly interested in establishing and maintaining contacts with all persons/groups interested in history of astronomy. Contacts: Dr. Alina Eremeeva, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Universitetskij Prospekt 13, 119899 Moscow, Russia E-mail: alina@sai.msk.su (for large messages: boch@astronomy.msk.su) ........................................................................... Item 3 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... 15 Years of Rebuilding the Oldest Observatory of Mecklenburg in Remplin ----------------------------------------------------------------------- By Dietmar Fuerst, Berlin In the small village of Remplin, between Malchin and Teterow, the ruins of an 18th century observatory are located. It was erected about 1793 by Count Friedrich von Hahn (1742-1805). The original garden house was architectually completed in 1801 by the observatory tower. The instrumental equipment of the Hahn Observatory (the "Oxen Tower" in the common tongue of the inhabitants of Remplin) was very generous. In addition to the instruments used for determining star positions, the Cary Circle and the Dollond Meridian Telescope, there where also powerful reflectors on hand. The Cary Circle was a full circle with a diameter of 25 inches. Its telescope had a focus length of 33 inches and an aperture of two inches. It had been adjusted by the help of a meridian pillar, which stood out in the field. This pillar, which has withstood the tides of time up until today, will be placed in the next couple of years in the vicinity of the observatory's tower. The Cary Circle, along with the four-inch meridian telescope, and a one-inch universal equatorial, all went after Hahn's death by procurement of the director of the Berlin Observatory, Johann Elert Bode (1747-1826), to Koenigsberg. There, the instruments were used beginning from 1810 as the main instruments of the newly built University Observatory chaired by Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel (1784-1846). Especially the two telescopes mentioned above first belonged to the instruments allowing the highest precision in determining the positions of the stars. Through the correspondence between Bessel and Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855) and Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers (1758-1840), we are privileged with a unique look into Bessel's opinion about these instruments. Bessel speaks very highly of the Hahn instruments. The Cary Circle can be found today in the German Museum (Deutsches Museum) in Munich and is integrated into the new Astronomy Exhibit. Alltogether, Bessel inherited seven instruments from the estate of Count Hahn (in addition to the already named instruments, he also received a comet-finder, two mirror-based sextants, and a pendulum-clock). With that, it can be said that the Koenigsberg Observatory was almost totally fitted with the remnants of the Remplin Observatory. In addition to the precision instruments, F. v. Hahn also possessed three relectors, whose mirrors were made by none other than Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel (1738-1822) himself. Next to the huge mirrors of Hieronymus Schroeter (1745-1816) in Lilienthal and Gottlieb Friedrich Schrader (1763-1833) in Kiel the Hahn reflectors were the largest on the European Continent. The two large telescopes had a length of 20 feet and apertures of 18 and 12 inches, resp. The parameters of the smaller reflector were seven feet of focal length and eight inches of aperture. On the whereabouts of these "optical giants" there are controversial reports. The Remplin Observatory was the first astronomical observatory in Mecklenburg. Unfortunately, it was only used for observation up until the death of the count on the 9 October 1805. In the year 1842 for unknown reasons the turnable dome was replaced by a fixed one. The further erosion of this observatory began in 1857 with the demolition of the main building. Now only the tower remains, which have got stairs on the outside, and has in the following decades been used as an observation platform. In the last days of the Second World War it was badly damaged. In the following years the ongoing destruction through vandalism has eroded the tower even further, so that as we (then as a school-work project group, and now as a society) saw it for the first time, only stood as a ruined structure, which could collapse at any moment. It began a long journey with the various administrative bodies up until the moment when our work became acknowledged as useful by the then appropriate departments. In the beginning years we cleared away a large amount of rubble, and took measurements of the area of the observatory. On this basis a plan for preservation could be worked out. Since 1985 the major concern there had been the condition of the site, and only after this the slow rebuilding could start. The retrieval of building material for the site often portrayed a nearly unsolvable task. Old barnes intended for demolition were our prefered sources. If we compare the time in the earlier period to the time now, and take into account that during the GDR's period there was money for rebuilding such structures, but hardly any material, it appears that the tables are now opposite, because today money turns out to be the outstanding factor, not material. However, since the end of the eighties, the political representatives and the administrative authorities of Remplin appreciate our work. The second floor is now complete, and we are confident that in the next few years the upper floor along with the main rotating dome will be completed by our group. A plan has been made fixing the necessary work until completion, as well as describing which parts can be taken over by our society and which have to be realized by specialized firms. We hope that this cultural and historical monument could be rebuilt up to the 200th birthday of the tower and eventually be utilized again as a fully functional observatory. (Remark of the editor: Dietmar Fuerst is chairman of the Foerderverein der Rempliner Sternwarte e.V. [Society of Friends of Remplin Observatory]; Address: Archenhold-Sternwarte, Alt-Treptow 1, D-12435 Berlin-Treptow, Germany, Telephon: 030/231 80 80, FAX: 030/231 80 83) ........................................................................... Item 4 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... Biographical Volume on Scientists at the Universities of Strasbourg ------------------------------------------------------------------- By Elisabeth Crawford and Josiane Olff-Nathan, Strasbourg HISA (History of Science and Scientific Institutions in Alsace) is a long-term research program coordinated by GERSULP (the Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur la Science at the Universit Louis Pasteur) in Strasbourg, France. The HISA broader network now counts some 60 individuals in France, Germany, the United States, Canada and Russia. HISA is based on the idea that the way French and German policies have alternated in Alsace for over a century makes this region a particularly appropriate field, a "laboratory" so to speak, for studying social influences on the development of the sciences. We are now preparing a volume about scientists (and some non-scientists) who worked at any of Strasbourg universities, 1872 to the present. There has been two German universities (1870-1919 and 1940-1944) and three French (1919-1939, 1939-1945 in Clermont-Ferrand, and 1945 to the present). The volume - to be published in French and German - will use biographical materials to illustrate the following themes: 1) the Strasbourg universities as a showcase for French or German science policy; 2) the influence of the Alsatian context (for instance, bilingualism) on scholarly work at the Strasbourg universities; and 3) the incidence of the Strasbourg experience on careers. We are currently seeking expressions of interest from those who have worked on individuals in science, mathematics, social science, or the humanities associated with any of the Strasbourg universities. The stay at the university does not have to be long or the individuals prominent in their fields; they could just as well be students as professors. The main criterion of selection is the impact the Strasbourg experience had on the person or the person on Strasbourg. If you want to make a suggestion send us a biographical sketch of 10 to 20 lines including a sentence or two explaining why you think this individual qualifies for inclusion. Prospective authors will be invited to a meeting in Strasbourg in the early summer or fall of 1995 at which all the biographical materials will be presented and discussed. For expressions of interest and/or further information contact GERSULP, 7 rue de l'Universite, 67000 Strasbourg, France: Josiane Olff-Nathan, Tel. 33-88 52 80 60, Fax. 88 52 80 57, email or Elisabeth Crawford, Tel. 33-88 36 98 41, Fax 88 52 80 57, email . ........................................................................... Item 5 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... SETIQuest - A New Periodical ---------------------------- SETIQuest is a new quarterly print/electronic mail (E-mail) periodical containing news, technical information, and tutorials devoted to bioastronomy and its subset, SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence). SETIQuest is published for professionals, serious amateur astronomers, and individuals curious about this fascinating field of observation. SETIQuest fills the need for a specialized astronomical publication devoted exclusively to the on-going search for evidence of life in the Universe. Such evidence could be intentional or inadvertent signals of other civilizations. Such evidence could be found in spectral signatures of biological activity on extrasolar planets or in the interstellar medium. SETIQuest is written and edited for the scientifically literate individual taking part in the progress of our technological civilization, with articles by amateur and professional scientists. SETIQuest includes information about hands-on observational programs that can be carried out by individuals and groups of amateur astronomers at radio and optical wavelengths. SETIQuest is filled with articles covering topics such as: * Tutorials about bioastronomy and SETI * Microwave or optical SETI as practiced by amateurs * "Do-it-yourself" participation in bioastronomy and SETI activities * Book reviews * Regular commentary on issues relevant to SETI and bioastronomy: SETI and the political milieu Philosophical issues regarding the prospects of success and failure in the search SETI as a parable of science versus pseudo science Publications Watch: summaries of recent scientific/general publications relevant to SETI SETIQuest deals also with astronomy history. The third issue's feature article is on the history of the Ohio State University SETI project by Dr. Robert Dixon due for May 1995. There are plans on other historical papers in near future issues. For your FREE issue of SETIQuest (Volume 1, Number 1), send us your postal address by fax, E-mail, or conventional mail to: SETIQuest Inquiries, Department AS Helmers Publishing 174 Concord Street Peterborough, NH 03458-0874 Telephone: (603) 924-9621 FAX (603) 924-7408 Internet E-mail: sqinqnet@pixelacres.mv.com (This text has been communicated by Larry Klaes , Editor of SETIQuest Magazine) ........................................................................... Item 6 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... Conference Calendar 1995/96 --------------------------- 4 May 1995, Berlin, Germany History of science colloqium on the occasion of the 500th birthday of Peter Apian Place: Archenhold Observatory Berlin-Treptow, Kleiner Hoersaal Lectures by W.Kokott, R.Witzlau, J.Hamel and U.Reich (Archenhold-Sternwarte Berlin-Treptow, Alt-Treptow 1, D-12435 Berlin, Germany, Tel.: 030-2318080) 22 - 25 June 1995, Notre Dame, USA Second Biennial History of Astronomy Workshop (Dr. Michael J. Crowe, Program of Liberal Studies, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA, e-mail Michael.J.Crowe.1@nd.edu, phone 219-272-3426; Dr. Steven J. Dick, U. S. Naval Observatory, 3450 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20392-5420, USA, e-mail dick@ariel.usno.navy.mil, phone 202-653-1541) 30 July - 3 August 1995, Berlin, Germany Conference "History of General Relativity" (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Wilhelmstr. 44, D-10117 Berlin, Germany, Tel.: (030) 22667-0, Fax: (030) 22667-299, E-mail: mpifw@mpib-berlin.mpg.d400.de) 23 - 28 September 1995, Prague, Czechia XIV Scientific Instrument Symposium of the IUHPS Scientific Instrument Commission Place: National Technical Museum Prague (Dr. Jaroslav Folta, Narodni Technicke Muzeum, Kostelni 42, 17078 Praha 7, Czech Republic, Fax: + 42 2 379 151) 17 - 19 Januar 1996, Riga, Latvia 18th Baltic Conference on History of Science Principal subjects: 1. Peculiarities of the science functioning in a big and small country: experience of the Baltic countries; 2. Formation of the national universities and the academies of sciences in the Baltic states. Plenary sessions and meetings of 6 sections: general problems of science; universities; physical and technical sciences; natural sciences; engineering sciences; medicine. Applications and abstracts not later than 1 May 1995 to: Prof. J.Stradins, Turgeneva iela 19, LV 1524 Riga, Latvia, Fax: 371-2-228784, 371-8821153, E-mail: lra@ac.lra.lv 1 - 4 August 1996, London, UK Annual meeting of the Society for the History of Technology Place: Forum Hotel in Gloucester Road, near the Science Museum Program Committee chair: Peter Morris, The Science Museum, London SW7 2DD, United Kingdom; FAX: 44 171 938 9736; e-mail: p.morris@ic.ac.uk ........................................................................... Item 7 ENHA No. 10, May 8, 1995 ........................................................................... New Books --------- Balibar, Francois: Einstein. Die Leidenschaft des Denkens [The passions of thought]. Ravensburg: Ravensburger Buchverlag, 1995. 160 pp., 160 illus., ISBN 3-473-51049-1, Pb DM 19.80 (= Abenteuer Geschichte, 49) [Translation of: F.Balibar, Einstein - La joie de la pensee, Paris 1993] Bartusiak, Marcia: Through a Universe darkly: A cosmic tale of ancient ethers, dark matter, and the fate of the Universe. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers, 1993. Pp. xvi, 383, bibl., index [a general history of and popular introduction to astronomy] Review: J.N.Tatarewicz: Mercury 24 (1995) 1, 36-37 Chaikin, A.: A man on the Moon: The voyages of the Apollo astronauts. London: Michael Joseph, 1994. Pp. 670, GBP 17.99 Ehtreiber, Joerg; Hohenester, Adolf; Rath, Gerhard: Der kosmische Traeumer. Johannes Kepler - die andere Seite [The Cosmic Dreamer. Johannes Kepler - The other side]. Graz: Leykam Buchverlag, 1994. 80 illus., ISBN 3-7011-7291-9, DM 44.80 / OeS 298.00 [On the mythology and astrology of Johannes Kepler; original texts by Kepler on the themes: autobiographical documents, geometry, numbers, harmonies, astrology, world-soul, dreams, belief] Ferguson, Kitty: Das Universum des Stephen W. Hawking. Eine Biographie [The Universe of Stephen W. Hawking. A Biography]. 2nd ed. Duesseldorf: Econ Taschenbuch Verlag, 1994. 248 pp., 20 illus., ISBN 3-612-26086-3, Pb DM 14.90 (= ETB - Econ Sachbuch, 26086) Fields, J.V.; James, F.A.J.L. (Eds.): Renaissance and revolution. Humanists, scholars, craftsmen and natural philosophers in early modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp. 291, ISBN 0-521-43427-0, GBP 37.50/$ 49.95 (hb) [contains also some essays on astronomically-related topics; among these Mary Winkler and Albert Van Helden on Johannes Hevelius] Review: A.Chapman: The Observatory 115 (1995) 1124, 49 Georg Samuel Doerffel (1643-1688). Theologe und Astronom. Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium "Georg Samuel Doerffel und seine Zeit", 23./24. Oktober 1993 in Plauen (Vogtl.) [Georg Samuel Doerffel (1643-1688). Theologian and astronomer. Scientific colloqium "Georg Samuel Doerffel and his time", 23/24 October 1993 in Plauen (Vogtland)]. Plauen: Vogtland-Verlag, 1994. 163 pp., ISBN 3-928828-12-6, Pb DM 24.80 [With history of astronomy contributions by Elvira Pfitzner, Juergen Hamel, Johann Dorschner and Andreas M. Hinz] Gotstedter, Anton von (Hrsg.): Ad radices. Festband zum fuenfzigjaehrigen Bestehen des Instituts fuer Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitaet Frankfurt am Main [Commemorative volume to the fiftieth anniversary of the Institute for History of Science of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main]. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1994. XIV, 608 pp., ISBN 3-515-06327-7, Hb c. DM 168.00 [Contains 5 contributions dedicated to the institute, 10 to history of astronomy, 8 to astronomical instruments (especially astrolabia), 6 to history of mathematics, and 13 to other science history problems] Kay, Richard: Dante's Christian astrology. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvenia Press, 1994. Pp. xii, 395, ill., 24 cm, bibl., indexes, ISBN 081223233X (= Middle Ages series) Laplace, Pierre-Simon: Philosophical Essay on Probabilities. Translated from the fifth French edition of 1825. Notes by A.I.Dale. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1994. Pp. XVIII, 270, 3 figs., ISBN 3-540-94349-8, Hb DM 108.00 (= Sources in the History of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, Vol. 13) Reston Jr., James: Galileo: A life. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers, 1994. Pp. 336, ISBN 0-06-016378-X, $ 25.00 (hb) Review: I.Howard-Duff: J. Brit. Astron. Assoc. 105 (1995) 1, 10 Sharratt, M.: Galileo: Decisive innovator. Oxford, England: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1994. Pp. 297, GBP 19.99 Shephard, A.; Slayton, D.: Moon shot: The inside story of America's race to the Moon. Washington, D.C.: Turner Publishing, 1994. Pp. 383, $ 21.95 Wheeler, John Archibald: At home in the Universe. New York: American Institute of Physics, 1994. Pp. 371, ISBN 0-883-18862-7, GBP 21.50/ $ 24.95 (hb) [contains speeches, poems, biographical memoirs, and papers reflecting on issues in physics] Review: C.Jenkins: The Observatory 115 (1995) 1124, 55 Yatskiv, Yaroslav Stepanovich (Ed.): 50 rokiv Golovnij Astronomichnij Observatoriji. Main Astronomical Observatory 50 years. Kyjiv, 1994. Pp. 320, ill., ISBN 5-7702-0901-1 [Essays on the history and the recent research areas of the Main Observatory of the Ukrainian Akademy of Sciences at Kiev; Most of which is in Russian, and the rest in Ukrainian] ........................................................................... Expression of Thanks -------------------- For information we thank: H.G.Duerbeck (Muenster), H.Eelsalu (Tartu, Estonia), K.-D.Herbst (Jena), V.S.Kislyuk (Kiev, Ukraine), G.Rath (Graz, Austria), G.Wolfschmidt (Munich). ........................................................................... Imprint ------- Electronic Newsletter for the History of Astronomy (ENHA) Published by the Working Group for the History of Astronomy in the Astronomische Gesellschaft A translation of "Elektronische Mitteilungen zur Astronomiegeschichte" Editor: Dr. Wolfgang R. Dick Translated by: Mr. Donald Bellunduno <76450.1741@compuserve.com> All news which is not mentioned by name are editorial contributions. Articles as well as information for the several sections will be gladly received. Subscription for the ENHA is free. In order to obtain a subscription inside Germany, one must first obtain a subscription for the printed Mitteilungen zur Astronomiegeschichte (MA). [Mitteilungen zur Astronomiegeschichte: Price: DM 1.50 / issue plus postage and packing costs outside Germany: free Subscription: Send in DM 2.50 (one issue) or DM 5.00 (Nos. 4-5) in stamps to the editor Editor: Dr. W. R. Dick, Otterkiez 14, D-14478 Potsdam, Germany, Tel.: (+331) 863199 ] Astronomische Gesellschaft / Astronomical Society: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Hanns Ruder, University of Tuebingen, Theoretical Astrophysics and Computational Physics, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, D-72076 Tuebingen Secretary: Dr. G. Klare, Landessternwarte, Koenigstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg Arbeitskreis Astronomiegeschichte / Working Group for the History of Astronomy: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Peter Brosche, Observatorium Hoher List der Sternwarte der Universitaet Bonn, D-54550 Daun, Germany, Tel.: (+6592) 2150, Fax: (+6592) 2937 Secretary: Dr. Wolfgang R. Dick, Institut fuer Angewandte Geodaesie, Aussenstelle Potsdam, Postfach 60 08 08, D-14408 Potsdam, Germany, Tel.: (+331) 316 619, E-mail: wdi@potsdam.ifag.de (in the event I am not reachable at this address, please try the following address: dick@gfz-potsdam.de) Treasurer: Dr. Reinhard Schielicke, Universitaetssternwarte, Schillergaesschen 2, D-07745 Jena, Tel.: (+3641) 63 03 36, E-mail: schie@georg.astro.uni-jena.de Secretary for Public Relations: Dr. Gudrun Wolfschmidt, Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, D-80538 Muenchen, Germany, Tel.: (+89) 2179 277, Fax: (+89) 2179 324, E-mail: t7911ac@sunmail.lrz-muenchen.de Bank Acct. of the Working Group of the Astronomische Gesellschaft: Acct # 261 917, Sparkasse Mannheim (BLZ 670 501 01) Contributions from foreign countries, please sign with: "Fuer Arbeitskreis Astronomiegeschichte" to: acct # 162 18-203, Postgiroamt Hamburg, BLZ 200 400 20 *************************************************************************** Addendum by the translator: --------------------------- Space Anniversaries (from the SPACE CALENDAR) --------------------------------------------- (Additions to the lists in ENHA Nos. 6, 7 and 8; 5th, 10th and 15th anniversaries are omitted here) ========================= Space Calendar by Ron Baalke ========================= December 1995 Dec 12 - 25th Anniversary (1970), Explorer 42 Launch, 1st Orbiting X-Ray Astronomy Platform March 1996 Mar 01 - 30th Anniversary (1966), Venera 3 Impact on Venus Mar 04 - 215th Anniversary (1781), Herschel's Discovery of Uranus Mar 16 - 30th Anniversary (1966), Gemini 8 Launch Mar 31 - 30th Anniversary (1966), Luna 10 Launch, 1st Moon Orbiter April 1996 Apr 12 - 35th Anniversary (1961), 1st Man in Space, Yuri Gagarin Apr 17 - 20th Anniversary (1976), Helios-2 Perihelion (.29 AU from Sun) Apr 19 - 25th Anniversary (1971), Salyut 1 Launch, 1st Space Station (Russian) The Space Calendar can be found in the World Wide Web at URL: http://newproducts.jpl.nasa.gov/calendar/calendar.html Please send any updates or corrections to baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov. ...........................................................................