The HRX-BL Lac sample -- evolution of BL Lac objects
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20030184 (http) or 10.1051/0004-6361:20030184 (doi)
ADS bibcode 2003A&A...401..927B
astro-ph/0302242
V. Beckmann [1,2,3], D. Engels [1], N. Bade [1], O. Wucknitz [4]
- Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany
- INTEGRAL Science Data Centre, Chemin d´Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen, Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Universität Potsdam, Institut für Physik, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
Abstract
The unification of X-ray and radio selected BL Lacs has been an outstanding problem in the blazar research in the past years. Recent
investigations have shown that the gap between the two classes can be filled with intermediate objects and that apparently all differences can be
explained by mutual shifts of the peak frequencies of the synchrotron and inverse Compton component of the emission. We study the
consequences of this scheme using a new sample of X-ray selected BL Lac objects comprising 104 objects with z<0.9 and a mean redshift
z=0.34. 77 BL Lacs, of which the redshift could be determined for 64 (83%) objects, form a complete sample. The new data could not confirm our
earlier result, drawn from a subsample, that the negative evolution vanishes below a synchrotron peak frequency log (peak-frequency) = 16.5.
The complete sample shows negative evolution at the 2 sigma level ( = 0.42 +- 0.04). We conclude that the observed properties of the
HRX BL Lac sample show typical behaviour for X-ray selected BL Lacs. They support an evolutionary model, in which flat-spectrum radio
quasars (FSRQ) with high energetic jets evolve towards low frequency peaked (mostly radio-selected) BL Lac objects and later on to high
frequency peaked (mostly X-ray selected) BL Lacs.
Key words:
BL Lacertae objects: general -- X-rays: galaxies
A&A 401 (2003) 927 (link to online journal)
DOI (Digital Object Identifier): 10.1051/0004-6361:20030184 (http) or 10.1051/0004-6361:20030184 (doi)
ADS bibcode 2003A&A...401..927B (link to ADS entry)
astro-ph/0302242 (link to e-print archive)
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